Ps Business Parks, Inc Quarterly Report Pursuant To Section 13 Or 15d

A primary beneficiary under common control with the VIE must initially measure the assets, liabilities and noncontrolling interests as they are carried in the controlling entity’s accounts. It must measure assets and liabilities it transferred to the VIE at, after or shortly before the date the entity became the primary beneficiary at the same amounts as if they had not been transferred. When determining whether primary beneficiaries should initially measure assets, liabilities and noncontrolling interests in VIEs at fair value or carrying value, CPAs need to evaluate whether the primary beneficiary and the VIE are commonly controlled. Examples of common control include cases where one individual owns a controlling interest in several corporations with related operations or multiple entities under common management. However, in the Final Rules, the SEC has supplemented the Canadian disclosure requirements with the same disclosure items for off-balance sheet arrangements that will now be required for U.S. companies.

Qualified Employee Stock Purchase Plan as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 and the related statements of changes in net assets available for benefits for the years then ended and the related supplemental schedule of assets , which appears in the December 31, 2008, annual report on Form 11-K of General Communication, Inc. In addition to developing criteria for classifying the investee/affiliate, FIN 46 established guidance for identifying the equity investor responsible for consolidating a VIE. In general, under FIN 46, an equity investor consolidates the VIE when that investor retains a majority interest in the VIE’s expected losses or a majority interest in the VIE’s residual returns.

The AIA’s 1938 Statement of Accounting Principles, authored by three academicians, was intended to be a survey and statement of best practices. Thomas Sanders, one of its authors, would become part-time research director for the CAP. The International Financial Reporting Standards provide indicators to help you assess when consolidation is required. Generally, consolidation is required under the IFRS when your organization is exposed to variable returns from another entity and has enough power over that entity to affect its returns. If your organization operates internationally, you’ll also need to consider potential data gaps to comply with IFRS informational and disclosure requirements. In the context of financial consolidation, IFRS principles differ significantly enough that you may have to deconsolidate or consolidate entities that were not consolidated under U.S. We consent to the incorporation by reference in this registration statement on Form S-8 of General Communication, Inc. of our report dated June 29, 2009, with respect to the statements of net assets available for benefits of General Communication, Inc.

Common Control Entities And Consolidation Of Vies

Supplemental disclosure of the separate results of the combined entities for periods prior to the combination shall be given, with appropriate explanations. Accounting Research Bulletin 51, (“Consolidated Financial Statements”), issued in 1959, is the original pronouncement that addressed the question of whether to include an entity in one’s consolidated financial statements. The sponsor’s interest and control was instead secured through legal restrictions on how the controlled entity uses its assets. By design, companies avoided consolidating these entities even though substantive control exists, but where such control did not meet ARB 51’s definition.

The users of Scimago Journal & Country Rank have the possibility to dialogue through comments linked to a specific journal. The purpose is to have a forum in which general doubts about the processes of publication in the journal, experiences and other issues derived from the publication of papers are resolved. For topics on particular articles, maintain the dialogue through the usual channels with your editor.

What Were The Accounting Research Bulletins Arbs?

International Collaboration accounts for the articles that have been produced by researchers from several countries. The chart shows the ratio of a journal’s documents signed by researchers from more than one country; that is including more than one country address. This indicator counts the number of citations received by documents from a journal and divides them by the total number of documents published in that journal. The chart shows the evolution of the average number of times documents published in a journal in the past two, three and four years have been cited in the current year.

• Prior to the advent of SFAS 160, little guidance existed for reporting noncontrolling interests.
• The portion of consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.
• Further, under FAS 141, certain assets and liabilities were not recognized (i.e., reflected on the balance sheet) at acquisition and others, such as loans , were recorded at amounts other than fair value.
• Instead of reporting the noncontrolling or minority interests in the liability section of the balance sheet, FASB Statement No. 160 began requiring entities to report noncontrolling interests in the consolidated statement of financial position with equity but separate from the parent’s equity.

Before consolidation, a parent bank will include the investment in its subsidiary as an asset. The subsidiary reports a corresponding equity owned by the parent bank in the equity section of its balance sheet. When the entities are consolidated, an elimination adjustment is made to offset the intercompany transaction. In the elimination, the parent bank’s asset will be offset by the subsidiary’s equity owned by the bank. Amount of net income for the period allocated to noncontrolling partners in an operating partnership included in the entity’s consolidated financial statements. Post-acquisition measurement period—During the “measurement period” under FAS 141, the acquirer may change provisional amounts initially recorded as of the acquisition date as information necessary to complete the fair value measurements is obtained.

Fasb Accounting Research Bulletins

To avoid consolidation the total equity investment at risk should be sufficient for the VIE to finance its activities without additional support. CPAs can help reporting entities evaluate the sufficiency of equity at risk using qualitative or quantitative methods. Use the qualitative approach first to make the consolidation vs. nonconsolidation decision; use the quantitative approach if qualitative methods don’t result in a definitive conclusion. Mong myriad accounting problems that led to the downfall of Enron was its use of variable interest entities , allowing it to leave significant amounts of debt off its balance sheet. In response to widespread concerns about this business practice, FASB issued Interpretation no. 46, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, in January 2003 and Interpretation no. 46 with the same name in December 2003. Both interpret Accounting Research Bulletin no. 51, Consolidated Financial Statements, to address consolidation requirements for businesses that are affiliated with VIEs. Some of the disclosure required by the Final Rules involves forward-looking information.

CIT’s equity ownership in the net assets of DFS as of January 30, 2004, was $17 million, which is recorded as minority interest and included in other noncurrent liabilities on Dell’s consolidated statement of financial position. The consolidation has not altered the partnership agreement or risk-sharing arrangement between Dell and CIT.

• In accordance with this determination, the adjustment to increase equity capital for the 2014 tax year by including noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries is reversed.
• However, the SEC strongly influenced accounting practice through periodic meetings with the CAP, as well as through informal rulings and private conferences with registrants.
• FASB Accounting Standards Codification governs the preparation of corporate financial reports and is recognized as authoritative by the Securities and Exchange Commission , which regulates American stock exchanges.
• The decision is dictated by the possibility of tax advantages from filing an unconsolidated versus a consolidated income statement for that tax year.
• Not every article in a journal is considered primary research and therefore “citable”, this chart shows the ratio of a journal’s articles including substantial research in three year windows vs. those documents other than research articles, reviews and conference papers.
• The FASB issued SFAS 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements—an amendment of ARB 51, in December 2007.

The CAP would issue 51 ARBs during its existence, several of which survive in today’s FASB’s Codification, and four Accounting Terminology Bulletins. When the current change was drafted and released for public comment, Robert Herz (Chairman of the Financial Accounting Standards Board ) expressed anger about the current accounting, saying that some financial institutions had misinterpreted them. Accounting Research Bulletins were documents issued by the US Committee on Accounting Procedure between 1938 and 1959 on various accounting problems. They were discontinued with the dissolution of the Committee in 1959 under a recommendation from the Special Committee on Research Program. In all, 17 bulletins were issued; however, the lack of binding authority over AICPA’s membership reduced the influence of, and compliance with, the content of the bulletins. The Accounting Research Bulletins have all been superseded by the Accounting Standards Codification . The CPA Journal is a publication of the New York State Society of CPAs, and is internationally recognized as an outstanding, technical-refereed publication for accounting practitioners, educators, and other financial professionals all over the globe.

Some or all of the equity investment is returned to investors, and other interests become exposed to the entity’s expected losses. The entity’s governing documents or contractual arrangements change in a way that alters the characteristics or adequacy of the entity’s equity investment at risk. Using the guidance in Interpretation no. 46, not all VIEs need to be consolidated, paralleling the requirement that not all voting interest entities are consolidated under ARB no. 51. To the extent risk has been effectively disbursed between and among investors, the result might be that no entity is considered a VIE’s primary beneficiary. If one investor is entitled to the majority of expected returns and another must absorb the majority of expected losses, the latter is the primary beneficiary.

In addition, although the Act only requires disclosure of off-balance sheet arrangements in periodic reports, the Final Rules also apply to disclosure in registration statements under the Securities Act of 1933. The portion of consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent. If the entity does not present consolidated financial statements, the amount of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes. Also, “for convenience,” FAS 141 allowed the acquirer to designate an effective date at the end of an accounting period between the initiation date and the consummation date of the business combination as the date as of which to estimate the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. FAS 141 requires that the acquirer measure the fair value of the assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the target institution at the acquisition date. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, public companies began avoiding consolidated financial reporting requirements by structuring their legal entities in a way that separated financial interest from voting rights. These tactics allowed the energy company Enron to mislead investors and regulators by hiding significant amounts of debt and toxic assets within special-purpose entities.

Reporting Requirements For Consolidated Financial Statements

That was music to the SEC’s ears, which had struggled with asset appraisal write-ups. However, cost-based accounting would wane decades later when mark-to-market valuations gained favor. In consideration of these types of arrangements, FASB, in 2003, issued FASB Interpretation 46 ,Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities[FIN 46]. FIN 46 provides criteria for classifying an investee/affiliate as a variable interest entity , rather than as a VOE, a distinction that must be determined at the inception of the arrangement. In designating an investee/affiliate as either a VIE or a VOE, the key considerations are the funding structure arranged for the legal entity and the related rights, risks, and rewards of the equity investors relative to one another and relative to other subordinated financing received by the legal entity.

According to the Bank, it was required to report a lower-tiered subsidiary as a noncontrolling interest because it was held outside the consolidated group included in the Call Report. Amount of net income for the period allocated to noncontrolling preferred unit holders in an entity included in the reporting entity’s consolidated financial statements.

Sec Adopts Final Rules For Disclosure Of Off

Statements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board – These are FASB publications that act as authoritative declarations of the accounting field on accounting reporting processes. All ARBs or APB Opinions published before to stay in effect until updated or removed by FASB Declarations.

The Bank filed a protective claim for refund, contending it had correctly reported its capital on the 2014 return and the deductions on its amended returns. The Bank also asserts the Department assessed the 2013 tax accounting research bulletin 51 year beyond the statute of limitations. Further, if relief is not granted on the issue of the deduction, the Bank claims the Department failed to allow a historic rehabilitation tax credit to which it was entitled.

Each Depositor Insured To At Least $250,000 Per Insured Bank

Fees or other sources of income and expense between a primary beneficiary and a consolidated VIE must be netted against the VIE’s related expense and income. In the consolidated financial statements the resulting effect on net income and expense must be attributed to the primary beneficiary—not to noncontrolling interests. As previously mentioned, a noncontrolling interest is defined as the portion of the equity in a subsidiary that is held by owners other than the parent company. Under FAS 141, when a noncontrolling interest is acquired in a business combination, this interest must be recognized and measured at fair value as of the acquisition date. In addition, ARB 51, as amended by FAS 160, requires the noncontrolling interest to be reported within equity capital in the consolidated balance sheet, but separately from the parent company’s equity capital.

Equity income in DFS and any intercompany balances were immaterial to the company’s results of operations and financial position for fiscal 2003, 2002 and 2001. Had the company controlled—and as a result consolidated—DFS, the impact to the company’s reported revenue and earnings would not have been material for fiscal 2003, 2002 and 2001. In 2004 La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries determined that several of the independent dealers operating La-Z-Boy stores were variable interest entities under the terms of Interpretation no. 46 and included them in its consolidated financial statements. A VIE’S PRIMARY BENEFICIARY TYPICALLY IS ABLE to make decisions about the entity and share in profits and losses. The primary beneficiary is the reporting entity, if any, that receives the majority of expected returns or absorbs the majority of expected losses. Although the New Law requires the off-balance sheet disclosure to apply to quarterly reports as well as annual reports, since foreign private issuers do not file “quarterly” reports, the Final Rules do not apply to Form 6-K reports even if they include quarterly financial statements. Classify or designate as of the acquisition date the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed as necessary to apply other generally accepted accounting principles subsequent to the acquisition date.

The company’s bankruptcy in 2001 and resulting congressional hearings in 2002 hastened the creation of a new consolidation framework in the form of FIN 46, introduced by the FASB in 2003. The current changes are part of a continuing effort to reduce the accounting use of off-balance sheet entities and transactions.

The Final Rules require a reporting company to provide in its MD&A a comprehensive explanation of its off-balance sheet arrangements, and an overview of its aggregate contractual obligations in a tabular format. The SEC had also proposed requiring additional aggregate disclosure regarding contingent liabilities. If exceeds , reassess and review the accounting for the transaction and then recognize any resulting gain in earnings on the acquisition date.

The “measurement period” is the period of up to one year after the acquisition date of the business combination. Changes to the provisional amounts may reflect only facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date. Thus, any information that relates to facts and circumstances after the measurement date should be accounted for based on post-acquisition accounting.

Under APB 16, the pooling-of-interests method was used to account for business combinations if 12 conditions were met.1 Otherwise, the “purchase method” of accounting (renamed the “acquisition method” under FAS 141) was used. Under FAS 141, all business combinations, except for combinations between two or more mutual entities (e.g., credit unions and mutual banks), were required to use the acquisition method to account for business combinations. The change in equity of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources which are attributable to the reporting entity. It includes all changes in equity during a period except those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners, but excludes any and all transactions which are directly or indirectly attributable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent. Private companies usually decide whether to create consolidated financial statements on a year-to-year basis. The decision is dictated by the possibility of tax advantages from filing an unconsolidated versus a consolidated income statement for that tax year. After Enron’s GAAP–compliant accounting brought additional attention to SPE’s abuse, FASB responded by issuing Interpretation 46 (“Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an Interpretation of ARB 51”).

FAS 141 expands the EITF 98-3 definition by removing the requirements that a business have an integrated set of activities and assets that are self sustaining and that it have outputs. Thus, for instance, many development stage businesses that were excluded from business combination accounting under FAS 141 because they were not self sustaining and had no outputs may now be considered businesses, depending on the specific facts and circumstances relating to the acquisition under FAS 141. Similarly, bank branches, acquisitions of which were commonly accounted for as asset purchases rather than business combinations under FAS 141, may now meet the expanded definition of a business. In such cases, the acquirer would be required to use the acquisition method to account for these transactions under FAS 141. The culmination of the second phase of the FASB’s project to update business combination accounting under FAS 141 will significantly affect the way banks and mutual entities account for business combinations occurring after this new standard takes effect.

The consolidation of DFS had no impact on Dell’s net income or earnings per share during fiscal 2004 because Dell has historically been recording its 70% equity interest in DFS under the equity method. The impact to any individual line item on Dell’s consolidated statement of income was not material; however, the consolidation of DFS increased Dell’s consolidated assets and liabilities by $55 million.